Ancient Stele essays

Old Stele articles Similarly as we use gravestones to stamp graves and honor our dead, so too did antiquated human advancements. One approach to do as such in the old world was using steles. A stele is a stone chunk, typically improved in alleviation and recorded, that respected the passing of an individual. Three of the antiquated societies that had actualized the utilization of the stele were the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. In looking at a model from every development, it is conceivable to see the advancement of the stele starting with one period then onto the next and the various impacts every human progress had on a solitary component. The Egyptians had numerous approaches to respect their dead, including the stele. Rich Egyptians, particularly authorities and minister, regularly had stele put close to their burial chambers. These steles for the most part recounted the name, position/rank, and the appellations of the expired alongside a funerary supplication. (Well 224) One such model is the Funerary Stele from Dendereh from the First Intermediate Period (ca. 2150 BCE). (College of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology) This stele has a place with a man named Tjaunty, an authority during the First Intermediate Period. The stele portrays Tjaunty on the furthest left of the rectangular piece. The other 66% of the stele are saved for engravings of symbolic representations. The delineation of Tjaunty is normal for the Egyptian style. The motivation behind the Egyptian style was to speak to the human structure in the most clear and most complete manner. The head is appeared in profile however with the eye in a frontal position. The explanation behind this is the head is progressively unmistakable from the profile position; the eyes, then again, are increasingly agent from the frontal view. The shoulders are given frontally the midsection, hips, legs, and feet in profile. (Hmm 18) In Tjaunty's funerary stele, Tjaunty is introduced in this exceptionally particular way. He is likewise appeared with the images of his situation as an authority. This is known in light of the fact that Tj... <!

Loss of Innocence

The term â€Å"loss of innocence† is presently being generally utilized in various circles, particularly in reasoning. This thought is generally connected with human age, implying that getting more seasoned can lead individuals a long way from what they were at the absolute starting point, in their youth. To be sure, the more established an individual is, the less naã ¯ve and cheerful they are, the less certain they become about their own perspectives. Publicizing We will compose a custom article test on Loss of Innocence explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More But is this the information alone that causes individuals to lose their honesty? There is a conclusion that â€Å"A gain in information is lost innocence†¦a more noteworthy finding out about social reality pulverizes old verities (certainties) and actuates vulnerability. Finding out about the social world can be a threat†. Clearly, there is a trace of legitimacy in this thought. Investigation Indeed, in the advanced world the old verities and qualities are overlooked, individuals appear to be extremely not the same as what they were previously. On the off chance that previous individuals were progressively unassuming and held, presently they turned out to be truly open, and here and there even impolite. The purpose behind such change is advancement of correspondence frameworks and advances. An exposition â€Å"A great man is difficult to find† by Flannery O’Connor additionally outlines how information about social reality can wreck the old facts. The principle character, a grandma, who was a genuine woman, was angry at how individuals have changed to more regrettable in examination with her time. She reviewed that in her time â€Å"children were increasingly deferential of their local states and their folks and everything else† (O’Connor, 64), and that â€Å"People are unquestionably not pleasant like they used to be† (O’Connor, 68), and so forth. Be that as it may, the grandmother’s information about society is next to no in examination with the Misfit’s one. He gave off an impression of being an exceptionally discourteous man, who had the group of two guardians and three little children murdered. Also, he shot the grandma himself, despite the fact that they had a pleasant discussion not long previously. He did it in a freezing way: he â€Å"shot her multiple times through the chest† (O’Connor, 84). For what reason would he do this? For what reason would he say he was so merciless? The appropriate response is basic: the man lost his blamelessness as a result of mingling: â€Å"I been most everything† (O’Connor, 79). The man had numerous occupations, met numerous individuals, and a portion of the encounters were not so much wonderful: â€Å"I even observed a lady flogged† (O’Connor, 79). Clearly, this encounters made the man extreme, and they left a b ad situation for affectability in his hard. Another case of how undermining the information about social world can be is the paper †A little great thing† by Raymond Carver. He writer shows how a couple of â€Å"happy and, up until now, lucky† guardians, Howard and Ann, transform into rankled mammoths prepared to murder somebody (Carver, 3). Publicizing Looking for paper on sociologies? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The explanation behind that is the increase of information about social reality. The specialist, who neglected to spare their dearest tune, Scotty, a negro kid, who was inadvertently slaughtered, the dough puncher, who caused torment by reminding about their child †every one of these individuals removed the guiltlessness of the pair. The character of pastry specialist, as well, fills in for instance of guiltlessness misfortune. The man acknowledged â€Å"the feeling of uncertainty and c onfinement that had come to him in his center years† (Carver, 37). These sentiments were brought about by his experience of correspondence with various social gatherings, which again demonstrates, how hurtful social world can be for a person. The character of another short story additionally turned into a survivor of information. Josephine from Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The story of an hour† was so stunned by the report about her husband’s demise, that she requested: â€Å"Free! Body and soul free!† (Chopin, 47). In any case, the hotly anticipated opportunity just contacted her with death. The courageous woman kicked the bucket right now she saw her significant other, who was really alive and safe. Did she kick the bucket as a result of bliss? Dubiously so. Josephine couldn't uncovered the way that she was delude by others; when her significant other showed up, her spirit was at that point dead. This is one of the astonishing aftereffects of finding out a bout society. We can expect that in the event that she didn't converse with her husband’s companion, Richard, who told about the news, she would live long and joyfully. However, it was information that slaughtered her. End As it tends to be seen, addition of information about social world can frequently be risky. Undoubtedly, information on this caring prompts the loss of blamelessness. Works Cited Carver, Raymond. Church building. London: Vintage, 1989. Chopin, Kate. The Story of an Hour. London: Vogue, 1894.Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Loss of Innocence explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More O’Connor, Flannery. A Good Man Is Hard to Find and Other Stories. NY: Mariner Books, 1977. This paper on Loss of Innocence was composed and put together by client P1erce to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it likewise. 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How to Utilize Financial Risk Management for Your Business

How to Utilize Financial Risk Management for Your Business Businesses are not without risks. In fact, people who decide to go into business must reconcile with the fact that risks come part and parcel of the whole endeavor. The biggest concern of all businessmen and entrepreneurs as they go into business is, obviously, that of their venture failing, and failing spectacularly. While some are afraid that their business may not be profitable enough to sustain its continuous operations and growth, there are those who fear that their business may not even make it past the three- or six-month mark.Mind you, even companies that have existed for years, even decades, are still constantly faced with different types of business risks. Just because the business has been operating for more than 5 or 10 years does not mean that it has developed an immunity against risks. It is possible that the organization employs effective risk management strategies, allowing the business to thrive and even grow.Take note that the phrase “risk management” is used in stead of, say, “risk elimination”. This is a clear indication that business risks will always be there, hanging over and around business organizations. What management and owners can do is to “manage” these risks â€" to mitigate or minimize the negative effects of the risks to the company and “soften the blow”, so to speak. They can be avoided, true, but they will always be there, posing varying degrees of threat to the business.Therefore, one of the realities that entrepreneurs and anyone entering or starting a business must do is to accept that the risks exist, and they can never do away with them. The next thing is to identify the potential risks that the business will encounter in order to come up with strategies and plans to manage them. © Shutterstock.com | ProStockStudioThere are five identified types of business risks. Strategic risk arises when the business plan or model is not followed, so that the business eventually loses its direction and loses sight of its organizational goals. The business will find itself having trouble attaining its objectives, and becomes less effective over time.Compliance risk refers to the possibility that the business may not be obeying, or adhering to, applicable legislation and regulations in the conduct of its operations. A business decision, such as geographical expansions or extending the product line may put the business at risk of violating or not complying with specific laws.The third type, operational risk, result from the failure of the organization’s internal processes and systems to carry out day-to-day operations. This could arise from incompetent employees, faulty business processes, obsolete technologies, and even natural and man-made disasters that directly impact the conduct of operations.Reputational risk, on the other hand, refers to the risk that the reputation or image of the business will become tarnished or damaged, which will lead to a slew of other risks and problems such as loss of revenue, loss of customers, and distrust from partners and the business community.The fifth type of business risk is financial risk, and it will be the focus of this discussion.WHAT IS FINANCIAL RISK?The first four types of business risk have financial repercussions. Strategic risk may result to the business spending on what was not planned, or outside the budget laid out in the business plan. The company may find itself being penalized and having to pay hefty fines due to non-compliance with certain laws and regulations. Failure in operations will also impact efficiency, especially when the company will be forced to increase its spending on damage control. Once the reputation of the business suffers, customers are likely to spend their money elsewhere, a nd investors may also pull out their investments.While these effects are financial in nature, they are not strictly the “financial risks” that we are referring to.Financial risks refer to those direct risks that arise from how the business handles the money flowing in and out of the business. It is also used to reflect the ability of the company to manage its debts and financial leverage. Another simple description for them is that they are risks posed by financial transactions.Many people look at it simply as the possibility of suffering financial loss, and this can be brought on by various reasons, under various circumstances. Usually, the questions that are associated with financial risk include the following:What (and who) are the main sources of revenue of the business?What are the terms (credit period, interest rates) for sales made to customers on credit?Which customers does the company extend credit to?What is the current debt structure of the company? How much is short- term? Long-term?What are the possible causes that give rise to financial risks? Let us take a look at some of them.Financial market instability. Generally, financial markets are volatile and unstable, and these could potentially result to losses for businesses and investors. This instability is often characterized by erratic movements of stock prices and currencies and fluctuation of interest rates.Economic factors. Countries’ economies and various industries may experience problems on a large scale, a classic example of which is when a recession happens. Businesses are likely to suffer financial losses when an industry-wide economic shift takes place, with the unstable behavior of supply and demand resulting to price drops, reduced production, and even weaker purchasing power of customers.External parties’ actions and decisions. Financial risks are also likely to arise due to the actions of external parties, such as vendors, suppliers, competitors and even customers. For exampl e, a business will also suffer if the ability of its customers to pay their receivables to the company will be impaired. The inability to collect from customers is bound to spell considerable financial losses to the company.Internal actions (and inactions). Failures in the company’s internal processes, systems and workforce also have potential in increasing the organization’s exposure to financial risks. If employees refuse to do their jobs, this could lead to low productivity and, subsequently, low output levels. This means low inventory levels and lesser quantity to be sold, which eventually translates to lower income.Legal interventions. From time to time, governments come up with new laws, or update existing ones, that will have an impact on the financial aspect of the business. It may increase spending or costs that will lower the profit margin, or it may also influence the purchasing decision-making processes of customers, at the expense of the business.From the foregoing, it is clear that financial risks can come from all directions, which makes avoiding or minimizing them even more imperative. Businesses should make it a point to manage these risks.FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENTRisk management in business is a very broad area, divided according to specializations or categories of risks involved. Financial risk management is one of them.Financial risk management is the response or plan of action that an organization will implement to address the financial risks it is facing, and is likely to face in the future. It encapsulates the practices, procedures, and policies that will be used as guidelines on the acceptability of financial risks and their mitigation. In other words, management will make it clear what financial risks are acceptable to them through these policies.Basically, a business will utilize financial risk management to forecast and analyze financial risks, and identify the procedures or actions that must be implemented in order to avoid them , or minimize their impact.In Peter Christoffersen’s Elements of Financial Risk Management, he identified three major activities or stages:Identifying the financial risks, and their sources or causes.Measuring the level and impact of the financial risks and their effects.Determining plans and strategies to address the risks, and implementing them.In addition to these three activities, financial risk management also involves continuous monitoring of the risks taken and taking careful note of the exceptions, if any. Analysis is also required, which means that documentation of the risks (and their results) must be prepared.Businesses pour a lot of resources on its risk management initiatives, and the same goes with the matter on financial risk management. In fact, most businesses pay more attention on their financial risk management, considering how it impacts the financial aspect of the business.ADAPTING FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN YOUR BUSINESSThe application and usage of financia l risk management in business is a huge and daunting task, which is why it is important to understand the best way to go about it.The Financial Risk Manager (FRM)Companies may organize their own financial risk management team from qualified employees within the organization. Large corporations have their own dedicated Risk Management Department, headed by a Chief Risk Officer, and with several units or divisions focused on the specific risks being managed. Certainly, another option, and one that has gained a lot of traction in recent years, involves seeking the services of independent risk management specialists.The Financial Risk Managers (FRMs) are professionals that have the required certification to conduct financial risk management activities. They are the ones who are responsible for conducting the initial activities of the risk management process, specifically the identification of financial risks, the determination of acceptable financial risk levels, evaluation of the impac ts or effects of these risks, and formulation of plans and strategies to minimize them.What FRMs do NOT do, however, is to make the decisions on what strategy to choose, what policy to enforce, and even how much to invest. Those are the responsibilities of top management, who will only use the output of FRMs to guide them in their decision-making. They do not tell management what decision to make; rather, they equip and empower management to be able to make an informed decision.Under the same principle, the FRM and the entire financial risk management team or department must adopt an attitude of independence from the company’s top management, or the people making the final business decisions. It is important to maintain independence in order to avoid potential conflicts of interest that will cloud the FRM team’s objectivity and management’s judgment. The FRM ProcessThe Financial Risk Management process is not a one-time thing. It is an ongoing process, which is a given, since financial risks can come from all directions, at any time. Prior to starting the financial risk management process, there should be a clear understanding of the goals and objectives of the organization, since these will dictate the direction of the entire undertaking.Step #1: Identify and prioritize the financial risks that apply to the business.First, let us take a look at the most common types of financial risks that businesses are exposed to.Credit risk, or default risk, which arises from the inability of one party to pay or fulfill its obligations to another, such that they will be in default. If a company is unable to collect its receivables from customers, they will have poor cash inflow and lost income.Market risk, which arises from a decline in the market subsequently resulting to reduced or lost value of investments. If the assets of the business will decline in value, but all else remain the same, the net worth of the company will also decline.Liquidity risk, which arises when the assets or securities owned by the business cannot be immediately converted into cash when needed. This results to the business being in danger of defaulting on its obligations, such as making loan payments to creditors and dividend payments to the owners and investors. The owners or members of the board of directors may end up becoming personally liable for the debts of the business.Operational risk, which arises from problems or issues in the conduct of daily operations of the business, such as machine breakdowns, failure of business processes and manpower errors. Mistakes committed may result to considerable financial losses, and that is simply one of the many operational risks that businesses have to deal with on a daily basis.Interest rate risk, which arises from drastic changes in interest rates, particularly the sudden drops that lead to financial losses. This is often an offshoot of the market risk, since interest rates are directly affected by movements in the econo my.Foreign exchange risk, which arises from movements in foreign markets. Foreign exchange rates of currencies will definitely have an impact on the earnings of a business with foreign operations or conduct foreign transactions.Identification of the types of financial risks will make it easier for the company to make a detailed assessment and analysis of the specific risks that it is facing.There are several ways for companies to identify and assess risks. Some of these processes are:Quantitative Risk Management. This is the detection, assessment and monitoring of financial risks in the financial transactions of a business using mathematical computations or evaluations. Usually, these calculations are for returns earned by the company on sales, investments and the like. Computations are also used on historical financial data for forecasting purposes.Risk and Control Assessment. This involves taking a look at the internal controls of the company when it comes to all its financial tra nsactions. Generally, a weak internal control system will indicate high financial risks. For example, the lack of a reliable system of check-and-balance of sales and collections of payments will increase the risks that payments of receivables by customers will not be recorded properly, and the money will be misappropriated into the hands of the collecting employees.Financial Risk Audit. This is a process undertaken by businesses to assess that the company has adequate internal controls and policies, particularly in the accounting and reporting system. These will also pinpoint weaknesses in how transactions are recorded and accounted for.After identifying the specific financial risks that are applicable in the case of the business, there is a need to prioritize or rank them according to the gravity of the risks and their potential effects. Usually, the risk that poses the bigger threats are those that are likely to result to higher financial losses (and even bankruptcy).Step #2: Dete rmine the level of risk tolerance of the organization.If managers and employees are plagued by the presence of financial risks, every move they make, every decision and every action, will be guarded and laced with lack of confidence. One of the worst things that could happen is that they will always choose the safest route, “playing safe” in their business decisions, and letting promising opportunities pass by for fear that pursuing them will pose too much risk for the company.Thus, there should be a predetermined level of exposure to risk that the company is willing to accept or tolerate. Setting this level will provide them room to move, so they can focus on value creation, knowing that they are still operating within acceptable bounds in terms of risk.The factors to be considered when setting a threshold of financial risk are:Period or time horizon over which the financial risk is expected to take place. A company may find the risk to be greater if it is unable to collect its receivables over a three-year period than when customers are unable to pay within one year.Materiality. Cost-benefit analysis may show that certain costs are greater than the benefits derived from then. Generally, higher incurrence of costs is seen as more material and, therefore, more risky. A company may set a certain ceiling or maximum amount for its materiality level, meaning if the losses exceed that level, then it is material and, definitely poses high risk.Volatility of economic and financial environment. Businesses that are in an industry with a volatile nature, such as the banking industry or industries subjected to frequent fluctuations of costs and interests, may set lower thresholds for financial risk.Confidence levels of managers. This is largely personal, on the part of the members of management. Some managers are “braver” than others, so they have higher tolerance for risks, while businesses ran by largely conservative managers are bound to be more cautious.There are several financial risk measures (or calculation methods) to arrive at a risk metric (the result that is being quantified). Examples of risk metrics are:Standard deviation of a company’s returns on investment, to measure volatilityEstimated losses due to a debtor defaulting on his payments, to measure credit exposureFinancial liquidity ratios, such as Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Cash Ratio, and Asset Turnover Ratios, to measure liquidity of the companyStep #3. Formulate strategies to manage the risks.This is where the business will identify the risk mitigation strategies that it will adapt to manage the financial risks it is facing. The choice of mitigation strategies largely depends on the specific risk that is being managed and the available resources to implement them.Briefly, let us take a look at some of the most commonly used risk mitigation strategies for financial transactions, specifically for the different financial risks.Liquidity RiskThe company would want to impro ve its liquidity by ensuring it will always have enough funds to pay its debts as they fall due, as well as other operating expenditures.Strategies:Identification of periods of slow and low cash inflows through various forecasting techniques, and planning cash budgets around them;Close monitoring of cash inflows and outflows on a regular basis (e.g. daily, weekly, bi-monthly or monthly);Performing aging of receivables regularly to monitor payment of debtor-customers to identify accounts that are already past due and take the necessary action to collect them;Sending communications or collection reminders to customers about their due amounts; andMaintaining a strong relationship with financial institutions, banks and other lenders that the business has obligations to.Credit RiskAs much as business would want to sell purely on cash basis, there are many that cannot do so, and have no choice but to also sell their products or services on credit. Problems may arise when the customers are unable to pay, leading to slow cash inflow and loss of revenue when the uncollectible amounts have to be written off as bad debts.Strategies:Conducting thorough background and credit checks on customers before selling to them on credit;Establishing and imposing credit policies and terms and communicating them clearly (in writing, to be signed by both parties) to the customers before entering into a sale transaction;Maintaining a strong and positive relationship with debtor-customers to warrant being kept up to date on their liquidity status; andMonitoring of record of receivables of debtor-customers to keep track of their purchase and payment histories, so any irregularity can be seen as a warning, spurring the company to take preemptive action.Interest Rate RiskWhen the business relies heavily on borrowings for its operations, it is bound to be vulnerable to movements in interest rates, mostly through increase in interest expenses. Any interest income will also be reduced, resulti ng to even lower profits.Strategies:Using a fixed rate when borrowing from a bank or financial institution to avoid fluctuations in regular interest expenses;Using a fixed rate when investing or lending, in order to ensure a fixed interest income amount;Management of exposure by using other bank products or financial instruments; andMaintaining a strong and positive relationship with the bank, financial institution or lender, and seek their advice or recommendations with respect to the interest rate exposure of the company.Market RiskBusinesses may not be able to control the market, but they can at least try to minimize the negative financial impacts of movements in the market.Strategies:Familiarization with the market to assess its potential and make forecasts based on patterns derived from historical data;Active gathering, updating, analysis and interpretation, and storage of market information, such as consumer trends and behavior and competitor presence, to name a few; andClose monitoring of movements in the market (through the conduct of market studies, following economic and business news, and utilizing market feedback mechanisms) to anticipate any activity that can potentially affect the financial aspect of the company.Operational RiskEven the smallest decision regarding operations will have an effect on the financial stability of the company. Thus, operational processes and procedures must be viewed in consideration of possible financial impacts.Strategies:Effective assignment and segregation of tasks to ensure that the right people are given the right job, and the possibilities of fraud and internal theft are reduced; andClose monitoring of budget execution or implementation, to ensure that the company is not spending excessively or, in contrast, underspending and lowering the quality of output.Foreign Exchange RiskBusinesses would want, as much as possible, to minimize unexpected losses from fluctuations in the foreign exchange market, regardless of the size of the transaction. After all, a loss is still a loss.Strategies:Actively taking on a buy-or-sell position on foreign currency and other similar options.Advanced buying or selling of foreign currency on transaction agreement date to take advantage of the spot rate and lock it in, avoiding any effect of a possible future drop in foreign currency rates;Maintaining a foreign currency account for proper matching of revenues and expenses in foreign currency transactions; andSeeking assistance from banks or other experts on how the business can maintain its foreign currency exposure.Step #5: Implement the planned strategies.The risk mitigation strategies must be enforced or implemented, but in accordance with policies established beforehand. This is where the plans and strategies are converted or transformed into actions.Step #6: Track, measure, and refine.The risk mitigation strategies implemented must be subjected to close monitoring in order to track their progress and ascerta in whether they are effective or not. This is to enable them to control the risks, mostly by making the required adjustments in the areas where they are needed. It could be an adjustment of the operations or systems, or some other corrective action on the strategies or methods implemented.As mentioned earlier, financial risk management â€" and risk management, as a whole â€" is an ongoing process. Therefore, it can be refined as deemed necessary. Monitoring should also be a continuous activity, with no room for complacency.Step #7: Communicate and report results of the process.At every step of the process, communication is very important. Top management should be kept in the loop throughout the conduct of the risk management process, especially since they are the ones to make the decision on what risk mitigation strategies to employ, and how to go about doing it.Letting other members of the organization know about the company’s risk management initiatives is also highly recommende d in order to encourage their trust in the company, and to boost their morale and motivate them to work harder towards the attainment of the goals of the organization.

Marijuana A Plea For Its Legalization Essay - 1283 Words

Marijuana is currently one of the many illicit drugs in the United States. This paper aims to disprove the rampant theory of the United States government that Marijuana has a purely recreational use by showing that Marijuana has more benefits not only the user but it could also benefit non users in the grand scheme of things and by showing that the criminalization of Marijuana is harmful to society itself. Medical Cannabis, although opposed by the majority of national governments around the globe, has many well documented medicinal benefits. An example of the use of cannabis in medicine is the treatment of Alzheimer’s patients. As shown by the research conducted by National Center for Biotechnology Information, THC, which is the active†¦show more content†¦The fumes that are caused thanks to combusted cannabis can eventually lead to lung cancer (like cigarettes which are currently legal) but because of safer methods already developed like vaporizers, which prevent the combustion and only the THC itself is inhaled, or edible marijuana in which nothing is inhaled and instead the marijuana itself is consumed in a form of pastry, this argument no longer holds any validity. There is also an important mention in a report by the American Medical Association (AMA) which is America’s largest physician group. The federal government was â€Å"urged to revise its stance that there are no medical uses for marijuana†. Basically there is no medically sound reason why marijuana shouldn’t be allowed other than the smoke itself which again is the same method used by cigarette smokers and they are currently legal, so why not marijuana? However, medical use is not the only beneficial use for marijuana. As defined by the World English Dictionary, hemp is the â€Å"the tough fiber of this plant, used for making rope, coarse fabric, etc.† (World English Dictionary) Marijuana not only has an abundance ofShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be L egal?2290 Words   |  10 Pages Should marijuana bee legal? Marijuana has been used extensively as a medical remedy for more than five thousand years. In the early 1900s, medical usage of marijuana began to decline with the advent of alternative drugs. Injectable opiates and synthetic drugs such as aspirin and barbiturates began to replace marijuana as the physician s drug of choice in the twentieth-century, as their results proved to be more consistent than the sometimes erratic effects of theRead MoreEssay on Should Marijuana Be Legalized for Medical Purposes?2342 Words   |  10 PagesShould Marijuana be Legalized for Medical Purposes? Marijuana has been used extensively as a medical remedy for more than five thousand years. In the early 1900s, medical usage of marijuana began to decline with the advent of alternative drugs. Injectable opiates and synthetic drugs such as aspirin and barbiturates began to replace marijuana as the physicians drug of choice in the twentieth-century, as their results proved to be more consistent than the sometimes erratic effects of theRead MoreEssay on Medicinal Marijuana: Miracle Drug Of the Future?1682 Words   |  7 PagesMedicinal Marijuana: Miracle Drug Of the Future? The many tales and legends surrounding the medical use of marijuana can be traced as far back to the ancient Chinese and Greek civilizations, who both believed that on top of its psychoactive capabilities, marijuana was effective in treating pain. Several thousand years later, Queen Victoria was urged by her doctor to take marijuana in order to relieve such pains as migraines or menstrual cramps. However, despite the many historicalRead MoreLegalizing Marijuana Essay example1598 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana 2 While it seems that numbers are steadily increasing, to legalize marijuana, there are still many states who have yet to legalize the use of medical marijuana. Many of the public feel that, due to the recent legalization of medical marijuana, the U.S. is a step closer to legalization marijuana for use by the general public. Choosing to legalize marijuana for the general public will cause an increase in users and put users health at risk, both mentally and physically. In 1937Read MoreMarijuana Has Destroyed And Transformed The Lives And Futures Of Many People1429 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana has destroyed and transformed the lives and futures of many people. It was friday night when Alejandro 19 year-old and his friend Joe 22, both college students were arrested by the possession of 3 cigarettes marijuana. Their plan was to go to the house of their group of friends to practice music after a long week of work at school. they were about to get to their destiny when a police officer pull them over because one of car lights was not working. The police officer perceived the smellRead MorePharmaceutical Companies, The Drug Industry, And The Government1101 Words   |  5 Pagessubstituted out with medical marijuana, are being directly harmed by the fight by alcohol producers to obstruct laws, and politicians who refuse to listen to the most fragile among their populous. Pharmaceutical companies are actively lobbying against legalization, and decriminalization of marijuana/cannabis, the alcohol industry tries to divert the critical eye on them and DUI’s to point toward marijuana regulation, while the government stands firm on its classification of marijuana as a schedule I drugRead MoreMedical Marijuana Should Be Legal1545 Words   |  7 Pagesmedicinal utility of marijuana. However, the federal government opposes passing legislation that would legalize medical marijuana because of its potential to be abused or unregulated. The states are continuously challenging the federal government causing complications in legislation in regards to medical marijuana. Because of its history of medicinal properties and accumulating amounts of state and local legislation, the federal government should decriminalize medical marijuana and legalize its useRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1011 Words   |  5 Pagesthe drug in question-marijuana-on the black market. Marijuana, otherwise known as pot, weed, broccoli, or grass , is a beneficial substance that the government should legalize. For decades the legality of marijuana has been a hot topic, and this debate has only increased in recent times. People have many misconceptions about marijuana that originated when there was racism after many mexican immigrants moved to the United States. These mexican immigrants commonly smoked marijuana recreationally, soRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legal?2233 Words   |  9 Pagesofficials alike? The question is whether or not it is time to legalize, tax, and create a lucrative industry out of marijuana. For a few decades now the idea of legalizing marijuana has been met with fierce opposition and seen as being nearly impossible to accomplish. The current state of our economy and criminal corrections system have actually made the option of legalizing marijuana for financial aid as not only a viable option but a prudent one (Cohen, 2009). From a sociological standpoint it almostRead More The Cannabis Debate Essay5766 Words   |  24 PagesThe Cannabis Debate The Federal Government of the United States doesnt condone the use of marijuana and any schedule I drugs at the present time, which is any substance that has no current medical use and is a mind altering drug. Under new circumstances in California and Arizona, there is a temporary Bill that has been passed legalizing the schedule I drug for medical use, known as Act 215: Medical use limited to cancer patients and individuals with the disease glaucoma. Individuals that are

Decision Making For High School Seniors - 960 Words

One of the toughest decisions that is to be made for high school seniors is where to go to college. From the cost of college, to the majors offered, to the size and feel of the dorms, there are many elements that high school students factor into finding the perfect college for them. However, this type of decision making does not apply solely to college. As humans, a broad variety of decisions must be made every single day. Naturally, humans have certain ways to solve their own decisions. But what are the decisions based off of? What determines the outcome that is ultimately chosen and why? In 1979, psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky analyzed the natural phenomenon of decision making and created an original model based upon it. This model called â€Å"Prospect Theory† replaced its predecessor, â€Å"The Expected Utility Theory,† which was known for its optimal decision-making. This new model primarily focuses on helping to make decisions modeled by real-life choices. It describes the way people make decisions based on the potential value of losses and gains, rather than the final outcome. Simply put, it states that people make decisions using certain heuristics. Kahneman and Tversky based their theory upon four principles they found to occur naturally in humans: certainty, loss aversion, relative positioning, and small probabilities. In layman’s terms, a person is more likely to make a decision based on how reliable a certain option is (in relation to the other choices)Show MoreRelatedShould Seniors be Allowed to Skip School? Essay757 Wo rds   |  4 Pagesfrom high school is a rite of passage that signals passing from adolescence into the adult world. Life does not end after high school, but signals the beginning of many years as a contributing member of society. Many times, as part of this celebration, seniors have a tendency to skip classes and school days. School administrators frequently recommend that school boards adopt strict attendance policies for high school seniors. These policies limit their absences in the last month of school inRead MoreCritical Thinking Application Paper985 Words   |  4 Pagesweak-sense critical thinkers fail to be open-minded about any other viewpoint besides their own, they lack fair-mindedness. On the other hand, strong critical thinkers always strive to be fair-minded. They think through decisions and listen to both sides of an argument before making any rash judgments. Their thoughts are ethical and open-minded to other viewpoints, and they will change position on a topic if there is just reason. â€Å"To think critically in the strong sense requires that we develop fair-mindednessRead MoreI m Spent The Best $ 400 Of My Life Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesof 2016, I, as just a high school student, became a college student, with just the click of a button. Pressing that small button online to accept my offer to attend Purdue lifted the burden that was pressing down on me. In life there are big decisions and small decisions. Choosing what shoes to wear, whether to take the bus or just walk, and what to get to eat are small choices; they matter in the present, but usually have no long-lasting impacts on one’s life. Big decisions have a lasting impactRead MoreBecoming An Army National Guard Recruiter Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pages I will explain the demographics of Hall County Georgia, administering a schools program, and a plan for a yearly sustainment program. I will be picking one school to focus on but also provide a plan to maintain my other schools. We recruit all year so I will provide a yearly plan broken down by quarter with whom and how I plan to get quality leads for future enlistments. I believe developing good relationships with schools and having a fluid plan on area canvassing to develop COI’s and VIP’s willRead MoreShould College For College?929 Words   |  4 PagesShould You Wait To Go To College? For the graduating high school senior each year there can be tough choices made about when and where to start college. Some have to decide if continuing their education even makes financial sense. There are many obstacles that a graduating senior must consider when making these decisions. Probably, the most difficult decision is where the funding for the continuing education will be coming from. For some, it does not make financial sense to even continue onRead MoreShould College Be A High School?853 Words   |  4 PagesCommunity or to State? One of the most daunting decision a high school senior must make, besides deciding on what to wear to their senior prom and how to leave their mark in school, is to make their final decision on what college they want to go. Some have already had their decision made the moment they received their admission letter, while others spend most of their day on weighing the pros and cons of each college before making that final decision. I, however, was the student that caught inRead MoreThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost973 Words   |  4 Pagesnarrator traveled the road less taken, making all the difference in the end. Life is about decisions; some may be challenging, others simple, and sometimes life changing. My challenging decision took me down a rocky path my senior year deciding a career. There are numerous careers and colleges to choose from; however, a student can only choose one. Unlike the majority of my classmates, my career ideas switched, what seemed like, every month. The beginning of my senior year I had a full ride scholarshipRead MoreThe Decision Making Of A Medical Curriculum841 Words   |  4 Pagesthey would have a high failure rate of students. So, there could be many barriers that may be preventing this stakeholder from making a good decision. According to Cole (2008), several factors can affect the way a person makes a decision. These barriers are attitudes and beliefs, expectations, lack of understanding cultural differences, and institutional practices that prevent a stakeholder in making a poor decision about a student education (p. 20). As in any good decision-making process, I wouldRead MoreCreating A Better Communication Within Parents, Students And Teachers1639 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone looks forward to being in high school. Fours years you can be wild, careless, and adventuring into adult hood. The years you have class with the same people, know everyones name within the school, and not sure what your future is going to hol d. Over the years there have been a decreasing amount of high school students. But there has been a increase in High school dropouts. Comparing the freshman class to the senior class at any school you will notice a dramatic decrease in students. DueRead MoreAvailability Of Counselling Services In Nigeria Case Study1267 Words   |  6 PagesAvailability of Counselling Services Counselling services in schools have been found to be lacking (Adejimola Tayo-Olajubu, 2009). This subsequently affects students’ access to information and counselling as to what to do when they have been sexually harassed. Okeke and Okorie (2006) reported from a study in South-East Nigeria that there was a lack of counselling centres in schools. This, they noted, had affected the decision-making of students and resulted in maladjusted behaviours. One-on-one

Oceanic Mythology Free Essays

Oceanic Mythology Two classical cultures, Rome and Greece, both are well known to the world. Their mythology especially, because elements of their folk tales shape modern society. But, what about mythology originating in other parts of the world? Why are Roman and Greek culture such important sources of folklore? Seemingly unheard of stories from other regions of the earth harvest rich culture that hasn’t diffused into modern culture as well as Greek culture yet provide intriguing stories on human life. We will write a custom essay sample on Oceanic Mythology or any similar topic only for you Order Now Specifically, in Oceanic regions such as Polynesia and Melanesia hold stories have een told for hundreds of generations that are almost unknown in Western culture (Wikipedia). It’s a travesty that such interesting tales of Oceanic life haven’t become important to the rest of the world, but fortunately in these islands they have importance. In Oceania, particularly in the area of Polynesia oceanic people believed that ‘Forever’, Darkness, and the Sea have always existed (Pantheon). â€Å"Scholars believe that humans first migrated to Polynesia from Southeast Asia about 2,000 years ago. These people carried with them their mythological traditions about events, deities, and heroes† (mythencyclopedia). And thus, a tale of creation was cooked up. The tale starts with a giant Spider finding a giant clam, and crawling inside of it. It was extremely dark inside of the clam, but the spider managed to find a snail inside of the clam. The spider asked the snail to open the shell a bit, because it was so dark. The snail cracked open the mouth of the clam, and it became the moon shedding some light in the pure darkness. Another snail came to help the spider push the top of the clam’s shell open further, and the sky was created, (and referred to as goddess Rangi). The spider then pushed open on the bottom of the shell, and the earth was reated, (referred to as a god, Papa). This is one version of the story that it told throughout Oceania. The other version of this story tells that a ‘supreme deity (Usually Po or 10) creates everything. Both versions however tell that Papa and Rangi create plants and animals, and â€Å"Papa Earth was a goddess, and Rangi Sky, a god, sister and brother. They cohabited and produced the first ancestors of all mankind† (pantheon). Mote-Yale In some islands in Oceania, a story tells that the earth was created after a rock fell into the sea, while other regions believe that a butterfly created earth from the sea. The stories vary due to location. For instance, in Tahitian mythology, the supreme creator deity was Ta’aroa who was born from a ‘cosmic egg’. He filled the world with all the creatures and things that are now found in it. Some Tahitians believed in Ta’aro granting supreme miracles, yet also being reason terrible things happen on Most islands located in Oceania however, base their mythology off of the same Gods. Haumia god of plants and vegetables, Tane god of forests, Tu god of war, Lono god of heavens, and Pele god of fire are Just a few that reoccur throughout the history of Ocani’as mythology. (Mythencyclopedia). It seems to be a pattern that the civilizations near the ocean have creation myths all involving the sea. Just as areas with lots of snow would have legends regarding snow, and places with lots of trees would have tales about nature. Goddess, Rangi (ssqq) Moving onto different islands of Polynesia, the small islands of Samoa have many tales that provide morals and lessons to everyday life, including ‘The Tree of Life’ (nzetc. ictoria. ac. nz). The story follows a Samoan woman Leutogitupaitea who marries Mote-Yale the king of Tonga. The Tongan king was previously married to a Tonagan woman, and they had a child together. The kings new wife was unable to conceive, and in a jealous rage murdered the baby. The kings Tongan wife came to realize what happened, and later the king was informed. â€Å"The King on being informed of the happening ordered the people to gather firewood and to burn the woman who had killed his child. He ordered her to be placed in the fork of a Fetau tree and the wood to be piled high round the tree. This was done and the fire lighted. The flames ascended and the woman was about to be consumed when thousands of flying foxes flew ver the fire and urinating on it extinguished the flames. The King then decided that the woman’s life would be spared and he said, â€Å"this tree shall be called the Fork of Life, for a woman’s life was saved on it. † I give back the woman her life, but she shall be taken to a desert Island and left there† (nzetc. victoria. ac. nz) Another tale told in Samoan culture is the The Long Toothed Devil of Falelima. People of Falelima, a small village in Samoa, told stories of a ‘devil’ with long pointy teeth. The story tells that the devil (Nifoloa) died and that his teeth continued to grow and ventually grew into the near Island of Upolu. People were apparently bitten by them as they continued to grow. The people all had strange sores that seemed to disappear after a while. These people who were ‘bitten’ were referred to as â€Å"Nifoloa† (nzetc. victoria. ac. nz). Additionally, the people of Samoa tell a story about fire being brought to the islands. According to the ledged, there was a long period of time in Soma’s history where there was no fire (hem. passagen. se). Ti’eti’e, an orphaned boy made the discovery of fire on the island inside of a cave where the earthquake god, Mafui’e resided. He had discovered the fire when stumbling across Mafui’e roasting a hog and stealing some him, Ti’eti’e grasped him by the arm with such strength that it twisted off! mLet me go! † he cried. â€Å"Let me go and I will give you my hundred wives. â€Å"0 â€Å"l don’t want your wives,† Ti’eti’e responded. l want some fire. Let me take it with me or I’ll twist your other arm â€Å"Take it! † answered Mafui’e, giving in. â€Å"If it goes out, you can rekindle it by rubbing two pieces of wood together. â€Å"‘ (hem. passagen. se) In the Far East region of Polynesia, Easter Island harvests many mysteries to the orld today. The island i s almost midway between Chile and Tahiti, and discovered to be almost entirely made of volcanic rock (crystalinks). On the island, many stone statues/fgures (Moat) can be seen along the coastlines and in completely empty land. The Moat figures are usually what people associate with Easter Island. The Rapa Nuis people (natives to the island) carved them thousands of years ago (wikipedia). The fgures were often carved to honor a god or ancestor, and they served as a status symbol (wikipedia). â€Å"It was believed that the living had a symbiotic elationship with the dead where the dead provided everything that the living needed (health, fertility of land and animals, fortune etc. ) and the living through offerings provided the dead with a better place in the spirit world. (wikipedia) Easter Island Moat statues (deitchman) On the mysterious land, the origin of Easter Island is supposedly the Legend of Hotu Matua (crystalinks). According to the story, Hotu Matua was the first settler to Easter Island. Hotu Matua traveled to the island on a canoe with a colonizing party and made the island his kingdom, with his sons preceding him (wikipedia). The island was ruled for 1000 years by Matua’s descendants, until Dutch explorers found the land in 1722 and claimed it for themselves, as white people usually do (wikipedia). There is considerable uncertainty about the accuracy of this legend as well as the date of settlement. Published literature suggests the island was settled around 300-400 CE, or at about the time of the arrival of the earliest settlers in Hawaiim (wikipedia). As far as deities and gods of the Rapa Nuis’ culture, the most powerful and prominent is the Make-Make god. â€Å"On Rapanui (Easter Island) people believed in a ariety of god or ‘atua’, most prominent among th e ‘atua’ was the Creator God, Make- the creator of life to the Rapa Nuis people. His followers worshipped him through sea birds, because they believed his soul was reincarnated into them (astrology. richardbrown). His symbol was a man with bird like features, and he can be seen carved into various Moat on the island. Make-make’s symbol carved onto volcanic rock in Easter Island. In Melanesia, Just north of New Zealand, the islands of Fiji were formed through volcanic activity that began 150 million years ago (wikipedia). â€Å"Oral story-telling is a opular and important pastime in Fiji that helps to keep alive the myths from the old religion, as well as legends about more modern fgures in Fiji’s history’ (go-flJi). One of the most told Fijian myth is their creation myth. A snake god, Degei had only a hawk as a friend. One day the hawk disappears and Degei becomes very lonely. He goes out in search for his friend, and comes across her bird’s nest. There were two abandoned eggs left alone in the nest, so Degei took them to raise as his own. After weeks of nesting, the eggs finally hatched. To Degei’s surprise, not two bird, but two humans emerged from the eggs. Degei raised the humans, grew vegetation in order to feed them and told them stories that revealed the nature of all things† (go-flJi). Later, whilst swimming in the ocean Degei stumbled across a tiny piece of land and created the village of Viseisei for the humans. This is believed to be the first Fijian settlement. He then creates the surrounding islands of Viti Levu, where he still remains in a cave. Degei waits in his cave for other souls to pass through, and he will either send them to paradise or into a deep dark lake to await punishment (go-flJi). Snake God Degei (Indianweekender) Aside from its sweet tales of creation, Fiji also has a bit of a dark past. The island was flooded with cannibalistic tribes in the mid-nineteenth century, most notoriously Ratu Udre Udre’s (go-flJi). He notably continued the practice cannibalism through Fiji’s ceding to Great Britain, and ate nearly 900 people. The legends tell that after Udre Udre had been killed and buried, he had 872 stones placed around his tomb representing all of the people he had eaten. In conclusion, the Oceanic world is a complex one. With rich and diverse cultures thriving in tiny islands only miles away from one another. The archipelagos in Polynesia have mostly the same tales of creation, and the same gods. Melanesia compares greatly to Polynesian culture, with a few exceptions. With these shared beliefs and traditions, Oceanic life has united culture and history. The stories and legends of Fiji, Easter Island, Tahiti and Samoa are perhaps rarely ever passed onto other regions because of their location. These islands are almost isolated from the rest of world, so how could stories travel so far over thousands of miles of ocean? Other areas of the world also do not share much in common with these islands like rt and weather, which makes their stories not relatable. But maybe, it’s for the better. If there were no diversity and culture in the world, there would be no point of different continents. It would be almost like Pangaea all over again. Different languages, foods, clothing, weather, technology, and architecture are what keeps the world so interesting and worth living in. If we already knew everything life had in store for us, How to cite Oceanic Mythology, Papers

The Sustainability Advantage

Question: Describe about the Sustainability? Answer: Sustainability is being able to withstand and go on living in an environment into the future. In terms of business, sustainability management is about incorporating social, economic and environmental factors into business decisions. Rather than short-term profits, it involves more emphasis on future long term goals for business. Being a sustainable business doesn't mean one needs to sacrifice the bottom line. In the long run, a sustainable business proves to be more profitable as they adapt and grow with the changing market. It can provide us with a competitive advantage and allows to differentiate the business from the competition. (The Sustainability Advantage: Seven Business Case Benefits of a Triple Bottom Line, Bob Willard, 2005.) A For-Profit Company adopts Organisational Sustainability to help the organization incorporate and institutionalize sustainability into their strategic management, systems and culture. In all business sectors, Sustainability is becoming a very big issue. Various natural factors such as climate, environment, population growth and social inequity are redefining the competitive landscape, and needs a lot of intervention and are demanding higher levels of attention, transparency and social responsibility from corporate entities. In order to create optimum value creation for the organisation and stakeholders, In recent years, a number of companies have completely redefined their business strategies in line with principles of. A sustainability framework is becoming especially important and prominent for leading organizations that are looking for ways to create synergies between various operational demands, rather than being locked into a sub-optimizing tradeoffs mindset. (https://www.reconstructingvalue.com/uploads/2/4/7/1/24717392/course_outline_strategy_for_a_sustainable_world.pdf, 2012) Sustainability is a major issue of all organizations and remains a key agenda and sustainable practices are more necessary than ever before because the worlds resources are limited and must be harnessed in an efficient and sustainable manner. There are both Internal and external Sustainability Issues (Alman) Siemens is a 165-year-old integrated technology company present in about 190 countries, with business activities in the Energy, Healthcare, Industry, and Infrastructure and Cities sectors. Siemens employs about 370,000 employees and runs 188 major RD facilities, which generated around 78 billion (US$104 billion) in revenues in 2012. Siemens sustainability program has three categories: Business Opportunities, Walk the Talk, and Stakeholder Engagement. Growth of its Environmental Portfolio is a priority in the Business Opportunities category and contributes to the companys One Siemens framework of creating value. ( World Resources Institute/ (https://www.wri.org/sites/default/fil, 2012) Purpose Focus of the Report SIEMENS is a very strong partner of sustainability, their environmental portfolio is a very important pillar of their business success, the lifeblood of this organization is innovation and sustainability is the guiding principle. It is a creator of business opportunities and thus needs to be anchored, however the path is not smooth and challenges remain. The concept of sustainability had a huge impact on Mr. Werner von Siemens, who realized very early on that sustainability was a concept with great potential for an innovative company .The good principles of business ie Efficiency and growth on one hand and responsibility for society and environment on the other, - were not mutually exclusive but mutually reinforcing. Thus the concept of sustainability that drives the economic, environmental and social progress, pointing towards good business opportunity is the dominant factor for its great strategy and activities of Siemens for the past 165 years. The concept of sustainability is not only recognized and given huge importance to but is also practiced at the Board Level in Siemens. An extensive and comprehensive sustainability program was launched in 2009 where Siemens declared that it is fully committed to the goals of Global Compact and the CEO Water Mandate of the United Nations. To adhere to sustainability issues, very active cooperation is provided with organizations viz. World Business Council for sustainable development, the Global Reporting initiative, the World Economic Forum and World Resources Institute. External assessments conducted in 2012 prove that Siemens is heading on the right path. In The Dow Jones Sustainability Index, Siemens was named as the worlds most sustainable industrial company. Outstanding results were also achieved from the Carbon Disclosure Projects where the score was 98 out of 100. In the fiscal year of 2012, products worth 33.2 Billion were generated enabling the customers to reduce their emissions by 332 million tons at the same time. Contribution to environmental and climate protection. Siemens has a proper definition of sustainability: Sustainability is the guideline principle of Siemens. Siemens has partnered with sustainability and has embarked to act responsibly on behalf of future generations in order to achieve economic, environmental and social progress (Siemens Sustainability Report , 2012). To handle the sustainability management efficiently, countrywide, Siemens has set up a Sustainability Advisory Board stewarded by the Chief Sustainability Officer who is also a member of the Board. The Board meets twice a year and through professional and active initiatives, has contributed to various successful sustainability programs. Four Conceptions of Organizational Sustainability Conclusion is drawn from over the years how sustainability is handled, thought about and talked about by the practicing managers in relation to the organizations. Thus qualitative description by managers has been deduced. These were not check-box surveys that the firms were doing but more in depth conversations with the managers as they framed some ideas as to how to handle organizational sustainability. To bring clarity in the framework of sustainability, FOUR CONCEPTIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUSTAINABILITY were framed. (Elizabeth Kurucz, 2012) These Four Conceptions serve as frames for thinking and talking sustainability. These frames are interpretive mechanisms and that help us to organize our experience and help us to guide the actions by simplifying and condensing the world we observe. Again with sustainability as the buzzword.actual to possiblewhere actual means what is and possible means probable in the future. Crossing the two dimensions, we have the 2x2 metrics delineating four diverse and distinguishable conceptions of organizational sustainability. These are Trading, Aligning, Adapting and Synthesizing. A Trading Approach Management with a Trade-Off viewConception of sustainability focuses on what we do i.e. which is aimed at meeting the operating plan and thus maximizing value imposed by the stakeholders. In other words, it is done to keep the organization going. An Aligning approach implies What we could do ie expansion with a Trade-off view. For example if an individual holds an idealist enterprenual idea of the sustainability focused possibilities for the organization, and those themes are large absent from the actual organizational aspects, ie staying focused on what we do.a lack of alignment between societal and organizational values are occur. An Adapting approach signifies who we are ie to accept and mould as per organizational sustainability development ie simultaneous value creation for all organizational stakeholders. A Synthesizing Approach- Transformation with an integrative view, seeks a synthesis of global forces and objectives i.e. economic value creation, removing social injustice, environmental rehabilitation, conservation along with other financial objectives of the organization. The sustainability focus here it to upgrade an inclusive stakeholder view to create value broadly for the society. The usefulness of this framework is that it triggers reorientation of the organization to new growth opportunities. Four Conceptions of Organisational Sustainability along with Thematic Dimensions (Elizabeth Kurucz, 2012) Features Four Conceptions of Organisational Sustainability Value Creatiopn Mode Trading Aligning Adapting Synthesyzing Activity/ Identity/ Motivator What we do What we could do Who we are Who we could be Sustainability Objective Maximize organizational value subject to local stakeholder constraints Maximize organizational value subject to globally local stakeholder constraints Simultaneous value creation for all organizational stakeholders Leverage inclusive stakeholder view to create value for the org and broad global society What is sustained Competitive operations/ Licence to operate local stakeholder relationships Organizational Growth-Licence to operate " Globally" local stakeholders Stakeholder value industry advantage core values and organizational self Image Corporate BrandCore Values and Global Human Welfare Usefulness of a sustainability( Triple Bottom Line Framework As a negotiating Frame, Mitigate risks by negotiating Trade-Offs As a negotiating Frame: Mitigate Risks, exploit growth opportunities by negotiating Trade-offs in the new market As an Integrative Frame to build sustainable competitive advantage and organizational identity by leveraging interdependencies An integrating Frame, provoke organizational reorientation by broadening conceptions of context and capabilities Collaborating for sustainability and performance All the sustainability initiatives adhere to the business conduct guidelines providing a legal and ethical framework of the business activities. These business guidelines cover rules both within and also with external partners and general public. Within the framework of the business guidelines, close collaboration with stakeholders helps in addressing complex interlocking sustainability issues. It maintains an intense dialogue with the supply chain and external stakeholders. In the Fiscal year 2012, Siemens have also laid huge emphasis on the following areas of RD Projects. Ensuring Long-term future viability, enhancing technological competitiveness and Optimizing the allocation of RD Resources. The RD activities in the energy sector are dedicated to developing processes and transmission of electrical energy. The key RD Areas are focused in development of Technologies for low electricity transmission Advance gas turbines increasing efficiency with reduced emissions of power plants Combined cycled power plants to increase the volume of electricity Technologies that extract the green house carbon dioxide Subsea power grid to extract deep sea oil and natural gas drilling economically Integrative module.. ONE SIEMENS One Siemens Our path to sustainable value creation As a highly integrated Technology company they have a very strong setup. The framework of the companys sustainable development is One Siemens which defines the companys metrics for revenue growth, capital efficiency, profitability and optimization of the capital structure. (Siemens Annual Report, 2012) Framework for sustainable value creation: LANGUAGE for goal achievement of Siemens: For leveraging revenue, more efficiently use of capital more profitably and optimize the use of capital structure, can be thus defined in the metrics of ONE SIEMENS framework. Thus all these aspects combined into one provides basis for generating sustainable increase in the value. This is an example of their integrative mindset. They are using One Siemens as a vehicle of sustainable value creation for profitability and customer satisfaction. It is clearly an example of win-win situation. Customer satisfaction can be viewed in terms of the cost (cheaper), quality (good) and ecological impact of the product.(win win win situation) Focus on innovation growth markets The basis of success is the pioneering spirit.Innovation Driven Markets is the key factor on which the activities are focused on.along with long-term growth potential.Contineous strengthening of the portfolio and also further expanding of the environmental portfolio is done to play a leading role in these markets. (Siemens Annual Report, 2012) To be a pioneer in the Technology driven markets, Siemens has been extremely innovative for their future core business processes.. The power of innovation is strengthened by leveraging synergies worldwide thereby partnering with different premier research institutes Strengthen our portfolio by eyeing on growth oriented future markets Provide a leading environmental portfolio: provides protection to environment and climate byprocuring different products and solutions. Get Closer to our customers The main focus to be a strong local partner to the customers and at the same time be closer to the markets, throughout the world.. Thats why apart from playing a leading role in the industrial countries- Siemens is also successfully producing and developing more and more innovative products and solutions in the emerging countries. The professionalism and expansion of the services offerings is another of the strategic aims since innovative services harbor a wealth of new business opportunities and intensify customer loyalty (Siemens Annual Report, 2012) It includes concepts like Growth in emerging markets, expansion of service business and intensify customer focus Use the power of Siemens One needs to excel to be ranked as the top most in everything one does. In Siemens the extraordinary dedicated employees to a long way to continuously expand their knowledge while promoting equal opportunity and nurturing cooperation among men and women from different countries and cultural backgrounds. Nuclear and unambiguous commitment to integrity guides us in our ongoing pursuit of business success.Actions are governed by binding principles to which the customers, suppliers and employees are expected to adhere to. (Siemens Annual Report, 2012) It touch bases concepts like Encourage lifelong learning and development, Empowerment of the diverse people worldwide, stand for integrity. Thus ONE SIEMENS sumarises its values and principles and quotes: We will emerge from the current economic crisis with renewed strength. Supported by our new Company-wide program to reduce costs, increase productivity, enhance efficiency, and improve our processes and market access, One Siemens- Our framework for sustainable value creation-is pointing our way forward. As an INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY Company, Siemens have a virtually unparalleled position in the global markets- a position thats made them a true partner of trust to the customers , the shareholders and the employees worldwide. Acting sustainably and creating new business opportunities (Siemens Sustainability Report , 2012) Making a concrete contribution to sustainable development and seizing business opportunities that is the standard and Goal that has been set for the activities. Why and how is sustainability important to the enterprise: It has always been crucial for the long term success of the enterprise. In order to quench our hunger for food and thirst for water, and energy needs, we have to do a lot more with much less as already about 1.5 % of the earths resources have been harnessed. As a supplier of infrastructure Siemens have helped the society to progress with its varied range of products and solutions. After all everyone involves gains from involving practice and Theory in vocational training. Green Polymer Made of CO2 from Exhaust Gases Along with various project partners, Siemens researchers developed a new recipe for plastic made primarily of renewable resources and CO2. It is a mixture containing polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), whose main components are made from renewable raw materials such as palm oil and starch. Since PHB is brittle, polypropylene carbonate (PPC) from BASF, it is added to make it softer. PPC consists of 43 % carbon dioxide (by weight), which is obtained from power plant emissions using a separation process. In addition to being transparent, biodegradable, and resistant to light, PPC can be easily further processed.(https://www.siemens.com/innovation/en/news/2012/e_inno_1213_2.htm, 2012) In Contribution to sustainable development, Siemens caters to optimum EFFICIENCY thus taking full RESPONSIBILITY very seriously, thereby leading to GROWTH with its innovative products and solutions and services .Also helps customers tap new business opportunities. (Siemens Sustainability Report , 2012) Sustainable practices and economic common sense are by no means conflicting concepts on the contrary; Especially for innovation driven companies like Siemens sustainable practices offer great potential that we aim to exploit consistently- for our customers, the environment and not the least for our own business success. (Siemens Sustainability Report , 2012) Siemens have partnered with Dong Energy and provided solutions in wind energy. Clean electricity in 6000 households from every turbine..amazing performance by Siemens off the coast of Great Britain. Customer statement in Energy sector: cooperating trustfully with Siemens for years. They share passion and enthusiasm for increasing production of electricity from wind and utilizing wind energy to the optimum and to bring down energy cost on long term basisthereby aligning with the organizational sustainability. The Siloam Hospital Group is introducing high quality and affordable healthcare in Indonesia, which has a diagnostics use. It is a medical device and is connected to a remote device of Siemens, thus helping with maximum device availability and lower cost ownership. Best example of synthesizing: Sustainability Conception The software company INOSIM , working closely with Siemens caters to the biological and chemical industry. This software has reduced the costs significantly Here the management is with an integrative view, they are adapting Siestorage, which has partnered with Siemens, supplies renewable power energies to companies like Enel. This is where Siemens modular energy system comes into being. Summary .This is a synopsis related to the future business and caters to forward looking statements . Also Siemens in 2012 various reports and news items coming out of them, reiterating their support for their organizational sustainability. This Report only supports the fact that how the concept of sustainability is driven with respect to business , the environment and the society, thereby contributing substantially to a sustainable development. In Siemens efficiency is leveraged at the same time increasing customer benefit thereby increasing sustainability to the external stakeholders with various products and solutions. Refrences 1. The Sustainability Advantage: Seven Business Case Benefits of a Triple Bottom Line, Bob Willard, 2005., Viewed on 6th February, 2015; https://toolkit.smallbiz.nsw.gov.au/part/17/83/3552. Reconstrucvtive Value: Building Leadership for sustainability: by Elizabeth Kurucz, Barry Colbert and David Wheeler. Viewed on 6th February, 2015: https://www.reconstructingvalue.com/uploads/2/4/7/1/24717392/course_outline_strategy_for_a_sustainable_world.pdf 20123. World Resources Institute: Aligning Profit and Environmental sustainability: Stories from the Industry ( Working Paper): Viewed on 7th February, 2015: https://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/pdf/aligning_profit_and_environmental_sustainability_stories_from_industry.pdf4. Sustainability Report, 2012 of Siemens: viewed on 5th February, 2015: https://www.siemens.com/about/sustainability/pool/en/current-reporting/siemens-sr2012.pdf5. Reconstructing Value: Leadership Skills for a sustainable World by Elizabeth Kurucz; Viewed on 7th February , 2015: https://books.google.co.in/books.6. Siemens Global Website: wiewed on 7th February, 2012; https://www.siemens.com/innovation/en/news/2012/e_inno_1213_2.htm